On a Sunday in 1905 troops opened fire on a demonstration in front of the Winter Palace. Up to 5,000 men, women, and children where killed. This event was nick-named "Bloody-Sunday" and did little to help Nicholas' relationship with the Russian people who where tireding of the tsar.

In April 1906 Russia's first Duma was created. In all there where 4 dumas the last was created in1912.

On July 19, 1914 Germany declared war on Russia. In March of 1917 because things where going bad, Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command sent.....

As a loyal subject, I feel it is my duty.... to beg your Imperal Majesty.... to make the sign of the cross and hand over to your son, Alexei, your heritage.

Another responed...

I ask you to foward to His Majesty the Emperor my most humble request... to abdicate from the throne in favor of His Majesty the Heir Tsarevick... Adjutant-General Brusilov

Nicholas "agreed". He resigned giving the throne to his brother Mikhail. Alexei was not made Tsar because of Nicholas' fear that he would be separated from his son. Mikhail in turn gave all power to the Provisional government.

Because he was away when he issued his "Abdication Manifesto" Alexandra did not learn about it till she read about it in a paper. Alexei was told by his tutor Pierre Gilliard.

Or...